Osaka-1 From Kubotsu Oji to Shitennoji /大阪の道ー1窪津王子~四天王寺
2019年 05月 18日
May 16th(Thursday),I walked from Kubotsu Oji, Osaka, the first Oji of Kumano Kodo. There were no cloud in the sky. At 8:30 am, the members of KIGA gathered at Temmabashi Station.
In ancient times, the retired emperors and inns (retired emperors and empress who became heads of Buddhist sect), came down by boat from Kyoto, and arrived at Kubotsu Oji near Watanabe Bridge. The landing site was called Hakenya Hama.
On the south side of Temmabashi Station, in front of the Nagataya Konbu Main Store, you can see a sign of the Hakenya ruins.
淀川を船に乗ってここまで来るのが熊野詣での最も一般的な旅でした。ここに8軒の船宿があったのでこの名前が付けられました。巡礼者はここから歩きました。
Riding the boat from Kyoto to Hakkennya on the Yodo river was the most popular pilgrimage route to Kumano. There were eight boat houses here so people called the area "Hakkenya ( eight houses) funatsukiba( harbor)". People walked from here on foot to Kumano. (by Yasuo H.)
Walking about few meters from Hakenya, there is a sign boad of Kumano Kaido road.
上町台地
大阪市内の熊野古道は上町台地を通ります。幅約2kmの上町台地は、北端の大阪城付近で標高20m、阿倍野付近で15m、住吉付近で10m前後となっています。この周辺は市内で最も古くから開けた所です。天王寺公園内の茶臼山古墳、阿倍野区の金塚、播磨塚、松虫塚などの古墳が多く、古代には孝徳天皇の時代、難波宮が築かれていました。中世には蓮如上人の石山本願寺がおかれ、近世のはじめには大阪城が築かれました。
渡辺から生玉、天王寺をへて夕日が丘まで続く上町台地の西側の海岸線は、万葉時代には「大江の岸」と称していました。
Uemachi Daichi (plateau)
Kumano Kodo in Osaka City crossed on the Uemachi Daichi(plateau) which is about 2 km wide, 20m above sea level near Osaka Castle at the north end, 15 m above sea level near Abeno, and around 10 m above sea level near Sumiyashi. This area is the oldest place in the city where people lived.
There are many old tombs such as Chausuyama Kohun in the Tennoji park, Kanezuka in Abeno, Harima-zuka, Matsumushi-zuka, and in ancient times the Naniwa Palace was built during the time of Emperor Kotoku.
In the middle Ages, there was the Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple of Rennyo Shonin, the founder of the Ikko sect of Buddhism. At the beginning of the modern era, Osaka Castle was built by Toyotomi Hideyoshi.
The coastline on the west side of the Uemachi Plateau, which goes from Watanabe to Ikutama, Tennoji and continues to Yuhiga-oka was called " shore of the Oe" in the Mannyo period.
三つの熊野古道
大阪、上町台地を通る熊野古道は3つのルートがあります。その一つが谷町筋です。谷のように低い海岸線沿いの道で、摂津の国の東成と西成両郡の境界線でした。
二つめの道は御祓筋。谷町筋の西側の道です。江戸時代、大阪城内で使った古道具や古着を「お払い」箱にする古道具屋が軒を並べていたという説があります。今でいうリフォームですね。
三つめの道は骨董屋筋と呼ばれています。御祓筋の西側、松屋町筋の東側を通る道です。松屋町筋は古代には海岸線であったので、この道は上町台地西側から海を見下ろす道でした。
Three Kumano Kodo
There were three routes of Kumano Kodo road, which passed through the Uemachi Plateau in Osaka. One of them was Tanimachi Suji (line). It was a road along a low coastline like a valley, and it was the border between the eastern and western areas of Settsuno Kuni.
The second road was the Oharai Suji. It is a road on the west side of Tanimachi line. During the Edo period, it is said that many furniture shops lined the road and sold old tools and clothes that were used in Osaka Castle.
The third road was called Kottoya Suji. This road crossed the east line of Matsuyamachi Suji.
Matsuyamachi Suji was also a coast line in ancient times. People were able to look down on the sea from the west side of Uemachi Daichi. (by Michi.A)
We walked to south on Kottoya-suji road.
There was a shrine which enshrined Jizo-bosatsu and Fudo-myoo.
We came to the Naka-oe park.
The white flowers were in bloom.
We walked the elavated road under the Hanshin Expressway and crossed the road.
We arrived at the park, and there was a small shrine.
A Mizunomi Jizo was enshrined in it.
This is Takatuhara-bashi (bridge). There is no river even if it says bridge.
We turned right and walked on the elevated road. We looked for Enoki Daimyojin.
It is Andojimachi 2-chome. There was a handwritten information board.
熊野街道と長堀通りの角の坂道を上がった途中にあります。 樹齢670年と推定される大きな榎木があります。 そこに「榎木大明神」の神祠があります。 御神体は白蛇で、御神樹は、槐(エンジュ)です。 松原祐樹氏によると、この場所が、坂口王子であり、この榎木が一里塚であったと言われます。 1988年に山野忠彦氏(樹医)により榎木でなく槐(エンジュ)であると鑑定されました。
Enoki Daimyoujin
It’s located on the way up to the slope at the corner of the Kumano Highway and Nagahori street. There’s a largesacred hackberry tree with a small shrine there. Its deity is a white snake. This tree is estimated to be 670 years old.
Mr. Yuki Matsubara said that this place was Sakaguchi Oji and this large tree was a milestone. In 1988, Mr. Tadahiko Yamano ( a tree doctor) proved that this large tree wasn’t a hackberry but a Japanese pagoda tree. (By T.S)
the stone monument dedicated to Katsura Bunshi the fifth in Kozunomiya
熊野詣と落語ー五代目桂文枝 (高津宮)
何世紀にも渡り続けられてきた熊野詣には数多くの人間模様が投影され、能、歌舞伎、文樂等の伝統芸能に演目を提供してきました。大衆芸能の落語もまた然り。
2005年に他界した五代目桂文枝師匠は自らの足で熊野古道を巡り、創作落語「熊野詣」を世に送り出しました。師匠が最期の高座をつとめた寄席のある大阪市の高津宮にその記念碑が建立されています。高津宮は熊野参詣道の三番目の郡戸王子があったと推定される場所でもあります。
噺の舞台は江戸中期。漬物屋の平八は息子の孝介を伴い、亡くなった妻の供養にと熊野詣の旅に出ます。親子は中辺路ルートを辿り熊野の山中へ。すると、熊野の神の遣いと名乗る八咫烏が二人の前に現れ、熊野三山へ導いていくと申し出ます。
「ちょっと見てみい。山深い中にポツンとお社が見えるやろがな。あれが先に参る本宮さんや。」 熊野速玉神社では梛の葉に神のお告げが現れ、那智の滝では延命長寿の水を頂きます。文枝師匠が紡いだ熊野との絆は師匠の死後も受け継がれました。
新宮市の熊野川の近くに、師匠の絶筆となった「熊野川」の文字が彫られた記念碑があります。樹齢250年の熊野杉の碑です。2011年の台風で熊野地域が甚大な被害を受けた時には碑も流されました。しかし、師匠の弟子達により大阪の天満天神繁昌亭と新宮市で復興支援チャリティー寄席が開催され、記念碑も再建されました。
Kumano Pilgrimage and Rakugo (Japanese comic storytelling) ー Katsura Bunshi the Fifth (Kozunomiya)
Pilgrimages to Kumano have been made for centuries and its long history has featured a number of fascinating human dramas. Some of them were dipicted in Japanese traditional entertainment such as Kabuki plays, Noh plays and Bunraku (puppet theater).
Rakugo, comic storytelling, is no exception. Katsura Bunshi the fifth, who passed away in 2005, walked on the Kumano Kodo pilgrimage road and created the Rakugo comedy titled “Kumano Pilgrimage”.
There is a monument in Kozunomiya Shrine in Osaka City to honor his great achievement to help with the revival of Kamigata-Rakugo (Osaka-based Rakugo) after the World War II and mentor many desciples. Kozunomiya Shrine is considered to be one of the possible places of the third Oji-sha (a place where travellers go to pray for a safe trip) was built on the Kumano pilgrimage road.
Bunshi’s monument was made of a stone dug out from a quarry in Kumano. Next to the monument stands an evergreen tree called Nagi, which was transplanted from Kumano Hayatama Shrine. A Nagi tree is believed to lodge Kumano deities.
Bunshi first performed “Kumano Pilgrimage” in 2004, the year the Kumano Pilgrimage road was registered as a World Cultural Heritage site.
The story goes as follows:
In the middle of the Edo period (1603-1868), a pickle store owner named Heihachi, accompanied by his son Kosuke, headed off on a pilgrimage to the Kumano shrines to console his deceased wife’s soul. The father and the son took the Nakahechi-route to the three Kumano shrines and began to enter the deep forests. Suddenly, a yatagarasu, or a three-legged mythical raven claiming to be a Kumano deity’s messenger, showed up and offered to escort them to the shrines.
“Don't hesitate. Why don't you ride on my back? I want to let you guys see the entire Kumano region from above.”
“Hey, take a look! You can spot a shrine in the deep mountains. That’s Kumano Hongu Shrine you are supposed to visit at first!”
The two men also saw a message from a deity on a leaf of Nagi at Kumano Hayatama Shrine and got water for longevity at Nachi Falls.
The bond established by Bunshi has been maintained even since his death. Near the Kumano River in Shingu City, Wakayama Prefecture, there is a cedar tree that has been designated as a monument, with the river’s name inscribed in Chinese characters on it. This was written by Bunshi just before he died. In 2011, a powerful typhoon wrought terrible havoc with the Kumano region and the wooden monument was also washed away by floods. Bunshi’s desciples held charity Rakugo events both in Osaka and Shingu to help with the area’s reconstruction and the monument was rebuilt. (by Mayumi O)
高津宮
高津宮から谷町筋に戻り、南へ歩きます。谷町9丁目に来ました。
生国魂(いくたま)神社へ。境内摂社の住吉神社。
同じく天満宮
生国魂神社本殿
上野王子
車道を横切り、東へ。上宮学園の南東のマンション「上の宮ハイツ」の入り口に「上宮之碑」があります。ここが上野王子こと上之宮神社の有った場所です。マンションの正面のには俳句・絵画に業績を残した生田花朝の句碑が建っており、生田家は代々の神官であったことが記されています。神社自体は明治時代に大江神社に合祀されてしまいました。
Ueno Oji
There is a stone monument of Ue-no-miya Shrine in front of a condominium next to a high school in the south east, which tells us that here used be Ueno-Oji, Ue-no-miya Shrine. At another place, a memorial stone of Kacho Ikuta, famous for Haiku and painting, we can find these. The inscription says that Ikuta had come from a long line of shinto priests. The Ue-no-miya Shrine was integrated with Ooe Shrine in the Meiji era. (by Masami F)
【우에노미야】학원의 남동, 맨션 「우에노미야 하이츠」의 입구에 「우에노미야 비석」이 있습니다. 여기가 【우에노 오지】 것 【우에노미야】신사가 있었던 장소입니다. 맨션의 정면에는 하이쿠(짧은 시구)·회화에 실적을 남긴 【이쿠타 가초】의 시비가 세워지고 있어, 【이쿠타】가는 대대로의 신관이었던 것이 적혀 있습니다. 그 신사는 메이지 시대에 【오오에】 신사에 합동제사되어버렸습니다.
再び谷町筋に戻り、郵便局の前を通ります。
さらに夕陽丘短期大学の前を通ります。
道路の左側にお地蔵さまの祠がありました。
天王寺区下寺町二丁目
沿道のお寺
口縄坂の標識
日限地蔵、子安地蔵の標識
大江神社の鳥居と石段
大江神社本殿
大江神社境内から通天閣が見えます。
大江神社の東隣に鎮座する「愛染堂」の境内に「愛染かつら」の木。
愛染堂境内にある「腰痛封じの木」
こちらは「哲学の椅子の木」
ここに座ると頭がよくなるかもしれません。
四天王寺に着きました。
According to Nihon-Shoki (Japanese history record), Shitennou-ji temple was originated from 593A.D. by the order of Shotoku-taishi (Prince). Soga-clan including Shotoku-taishi who was promoting Buddhism had defeated Mononobe-clan who was against introducing Buddhism. After the end of this political war, the temple construction was started.
Shotoku-taishi had introduced various public welfare facilities including temple, hospital, orphanage. He also invited the technicians and technology from Kudara kingdom (Korea) for building Shitennou-ji. The company of technicians named Kongo-gumi originated from 578A.D. and still continues its activity of building wood structure temples, so it is regarded as the oldest enterprise in the world. (Japanese government research report 2009) (By H.S.)